GAWEL · Life Sciences & ICT Law Firm

Complex Science. Clear Counsel.

A Swiss law firm advising biotech, pharma, MedTech and digital-health companies on contracts, regulatory strategy and disputes under Swiss and EU law.

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D13 · AI-DESIGNED GLP-1 AGONIST From Sequence to Signal:
Ultra Long-Acting
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
31 AA · 18 AI-optimized positions (ProteinMPNN, AlphaFold2-validated) · Research: Wei, Ma, Cui et al. · Advanced Science (opens in new tab)
What is being visualized?

An AI-optimized long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist. In pre-clinical rodent studies, it showed prolonged activity, improved glucose control, and renal protection. The visualization is schematic and not to scale; structures and timescales are simplified for clarity.

Structure description

Molecular structure: key features of the D13 GLP-1 receptor agonist

The animation depicts an AI-designed, ultra-long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist binding its receptor and triggering the cAMP signaling cascade. The annotated features below describe the molecules the visualization highlights.

Scope of this visualization. The animation traces molecular recognition, receptor activation, the intracellular cAMP cascade through to gene transcription, and receptor internalization, with the DPP-4 and albumin mechanisms shown as cameos. It is schematic: some bodies are modeled on cited structures (notably the receptor, adenylyl cyclase and DPP-4), while the signaling effectors are generic representations, and none are atomic-resolution models. The physiological output, including glucose-dependent insulin secretion and the systemic metabolic response, is not visualized, though its initiating molecular effectors are shown.

Aib8 (DPP-4 Resistant)

DPP-4 Resistance. α-aminoisobutyric acid sterically blocks DPP-4 cleavage at position 8. Blocks DPP-4 cleavage (native GLP-1 t½ ~1-2 min). DPP-4 is the primary inactivating enzyme; NEP-24.11 and renal clearance account for much of the rest (Plamboeck 2005).

Lys26 (Albumin Binding)

Half-Life Extension. C20 fatty acid chain binds serum albumin reversibly. Albumin binding protects from renal clearance: D13 t½ = 19.86 ± 1.55 h (rat).

Gα Subunit

Signal Transduction. GDP→GTP exchange upon receptor activation releases Gα-GTP. Activated Gα-s stimulates adenylyl cyclase → cAMP production.

AC C1 Domain

cAMP Synthesis. C1 and C2 domains form catalytic cleft activated by Gα-s-GTP. Converts ATP → cAMP + PPi, the key second messenger. Modeled after the AC9 cryo-EM structure (Qi 2022) and the C1/C2-Gαs complex (Tesmer 1997); ATP-to-cAMP conversion uses two-metal-ion catalysis (Tesmer 1999).

PKA R1

Signal Amplification. cAMP binds regulatory subunits, releasing catalytic subunits. PKA phosphorylates CREB → gene transcription.

DPP-4

Peptide Degradation. Serine protease that cleaves dipeptides from N-terminus. D13's Aib8 modification prevents cleavage, demonstrated in cameo.

C20 Fatty Acid

Half-Life Extension. C20 diacid (eicosanedioic acid) via an AEEA-AEEA-γGlu linker (Wei 2025 SI) conjugated to Lys26 binds serum albumin reversibly. Albumin binding shields D13 from renal clearance: t½ = 19.86 ± 1.55 h (rat).

Epac2 CNB

Parallel cAMP Effector. cAMP binds Epac2 CNB domain, releasing autoinhibition of the GEF domain. A parallel, PKA-independent cAMP branch: up to half of GLP-1-induced insulin release can be mediated through Epac (Mueller 2019).

CBP KIX Domain

Transcriptional Coactivation. KIX domain binds phospho-Ser133 on CREB KID domain. CBP/p300 bridges pCREB to basal transcription machinery → gene activation.

GRK Kinase

Receptor Phosphorylation. GRK recognizes activated GPCR conformation and phosphorylates C-tail/ICL3. Phosphorylation creates β-arrestin binding site → desensitization and internalization.

Dynamin Ring

Vesicle Scission. Dynamin oligomerizes as a ring around the pit neck, uses GTP hydrolysis to constrict. Pinches off clathrin-coated vesicle → completes receptor internalization.

Binding Pocket

Orthosteric Site. Deep TM pocket where D13 N-terminus inserts. N-terminal insertion into TM pocket (TM1/TM2/TM3/TM5/TM7, ECL1/ECL2).

Arg34 (Anti-Conjugation)

Conjugation Site Protection. Arg at position 34 replaces the native Lys (inherited from Semaglutide design). Prevents mis-conjugation of C20 fatty acid, ensuring exclusive attachment at Lys26.

Color key: the structure is colored by residue and feature category (so identity is named, not conveyed by color alone).

  • Hydrophobic residues
  • Polar residues
  • Positively charged (basic) residues
  • Negatively charged (acidic) residues
  • Glycine
  • Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid, non-standard)
  • Orthosteric binding pocket
  • Critical binding residues
  • Hydrogen bonds
  • Peptide backbone

Senior Swiss and EU counsel for life sciences, MedTech and ICT

Regulatory, data-protection, transactional and dispute counsel for pharma, biotech, MedTech and ICT companies operating across Switzerland and the EU.

① Start Here

01 · Service

Regulatory Posture Audit

The bounded first engagement: which instruments reach the product, and where it stands on each One fixed fee per product line

Scope

One product or product line rated across its whole applicable regulatory surface, in one of three industry sets: biotech and pharma, MedTech, or ICT and digital health. Applicability is determined instrument by instrument, each applicable obligation group is rated green, amber or red against a pinpoint citation, and the amber and red findings become a prioritized register with the deliverable that closes each one. The rating is a triage signal that sets the order of action, not a reasoned opinion on a single question.

Target client
US and EU companies placing a product on the Swiss or EU market, and in-house teams that need one prioritized view of the surface before committing budget to a single framework.
Billing
Fixed fee, set before work begins

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A single fixed fee, set by the size of the instrument set the product carries and by whether more than one product line or legal entity is in scope. A priority track is available at a 50 percent uplift, subject to capacity.

Request a posture audit Full service details
02 · Service

Cyber Readiness Assessment

Deep on one stack: whether the cyber and product-security rules reach the product or the entity, and what each of them requires by when One fixed fee per product or entity

Scope

One product or entity assessed against the EU and Swiss cyber and product-security stack, in one of three sets: MedTech, software and cloud vendors, or pharmaceutical developers and manufacturers. The assessment settles whether the Cyber Resilience Act reaches the product and in which class, whether the entity is essential or important under NIS2 and under which national transposition, and whether the Swiss 24-hour reporting duty reaches it; it then puts the dated duties on one calendar, rates the documentation against them and lists the clauses the cloud, supply and support contracts must carry. It is a legal applicability and gap review, not a penetration test, a technical audit or a certification. What the assessment covers.

Target client
Software and hardware vendors selling into the EU, device and IVD makers meeting the medical-device and cyber overlap, and pharmaceutical developers caught as sector entities.
Billing
Fixed fee, set before work begins

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A single fixed fee, set by how many products or legal entities are in scope and by how many national transpositions have to be worked rather than named

Request a cyber readiness assessment Full service details
03 · Service

Medical-AI Readiness Assessment

What the AI Act adds to an AI device's existing device file, requirement by requirement, and what it does not One fixed fee per device or device family

Scope

One AI medical device or in vitro diagnostic already in a notified-body procedure, assessed for readiness against the EU AI Act as a delta over the technical documentation and quality system the manufacturer already maintains. The assessment confirms the high-risk determination that follows by operation of law, establishes that the AI Act requirements are assessed inside the existing conformity procedure rather than beside it, rates each of the seven high-risk requirements against the file, and dates the obligations on the limb that applies. It is a readiness opinion, not a conformity assessment, which only the notified body can give. What the assessment covers.

Target client
Manufacturers of AI devices and IVDs in or approaching a notified-body procedure, and hospitals or health systems deploying a CE-marked diagnostic.
Billing
Fixed fee, set before work begins

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A single fixed fee, set by how many devices or AI components are in scope, by whether the client is provider, deployer or both, and by the state of the existing file

Request a medical-AI readiness assessment Full service details

② Life Sciences Regulatory

04 · Service

Life Sciences Regulatory Counsel

Outsourced regulatory legal function for pharma, biotech and MedTech Monthly subscription

Scope

Ongoing regulatory advisory under HMG, AMBV, advertising and integrity-and-transparency rules (AWV, VITH). Includes Swissmedic correspondence review, promotional material legal review, and a fixed allotment of advisory hours each month. Tier II ("Fractional Head of Regulatory Legal") available for clients with deeper engagement.

Target client
Foreign biotech / MedTech with Swiss subsidiary and no in-house Swiss counsel; Swiss Series A to C biotechs without GC.
Billing
Monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Outsourced regulatory legal function on a fixed monthly subscription with a defined scope; beyond-scope advisory at the hourly rate stated in the fee proposal. A Fractional Head of Regulatory Legal tier is available (see Fractional Counsel).

Discuss a regulatory retainer Full service details
05 · Service

MDR / IVDR Compliance

Structural compliance with the Medical Device Regulation and the In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation for European and Swiss medical device market access Subscription + fixed-fee modules

Scope

Ongoing MDR/IVDR compliance support including PMS review, vigilance legal review, AR/PRRC contract maintenance and EUDAMED queries. CH-REP mandate structuring and review and Swiss market-entry counsel under the MepV for manufacturers without a Swiss presence. The firm structures and advises on the CH-REP arrangement; it does not act as the representative. Discrete workstreams (AR/PRRC agreement packages, economic-operator structuring under Art. 16 MDR, labeling review) priced as fixed-fee modules.

Target client
Swiss MedTech SMEs exporting to EU; non-EU MedTech entering CH and EU markets in parallel.
Billing
Fixed-fee modules + monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Discrete workstreams as fixed-fee modules, quoted with the subscription

Scope an MDR/IVDR engagement Full service details CH-REP advisory details
06 · Service

Clinical Trial Contracting

Framework agreements and per-protocol legal support for sponsors and sites Framework subscription + per-CTA fixed fee

Scope

Clinical Trial Agreement review and negotiation for site or sponsor, regulatory queries under HFG/KlinV and EU CTR, and master CTA template development. Volume-based framework retainer with per-CTA fixed fee for predictable cost per protocol.

Target client
Cantonal and university hospitals running investigator-initiated trials; mid-size CROs in DACH; Swiss biotech sponsors of EU/UK trials.
Billing
Framework retainer + per-CTA fixed fee

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Per-CTA fixed fees for a full negotiation or a master-CTA template, quoted with the framework subscription

Set up a clinical trial framework Full service details
07 · Service

Market Access & Reimbursement (SL / BAG)

Spezialitätenliste listing and Bundesamt für Gesundheit pricing procedures for reimbursed medicines Fixed fee per listing

Scope

Legal support for Specialty-List (SL) listing applications and re-evaluations, BAG pricing and economic-evaluation procedures against the WZW criteria (efficacy, appropriateness, economy), price-review and re-examination proceedings, and reimbursement strategy under the KVV and KLV.

Target client
Pharma marketing-authorization holders seeking Swiss reimbursement; foreign manufacturers entering the Swiss reimbursed market; companies defending SL price re-evaluations.
Billing
Phase-based fixed fee + hourly

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Reimbursement and HTA-strategy work as a capped fixed fee

Discuss a reimbursement listing Full service details
08 · Service

Pharmacovigilance & Drug Safety

Pharmacovigilance obligations, safety reporting and QPPV arrangements Subscription + fixed-fee modules

Scope

Legal support for the pharmacovigilance system under HMG and AMBV and EU GVP: safety-reporting obligations, QPPV and safety-data-exchange agreements (SDEA), signal-management and CAPA legal review, and audit and inspection readiness.

Target client
MAHs and affiliates operating Swiss/EU PV systems; companies outsourcing the QPPV interface; sponsors structuring safety-data exchange with partners.
Billing
Monthly retainer + fixed-fee modules

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Fixed-fee modules; per-country local-contact-person coverage on a monthly fee

Discuss a pharmacovigilance mandate Full service details
09 · Service

Product Liability (PrHG)

Product-liability exposure and defense under the Produktehaftpflichtgesetz for pharma and MedTech products Hourly advisory; capped defense retainer

Scope

Product-liability risk advisory and defense under the PrHG and the OR: liability allocation across the supply chain, recall and field-safety-corrective-action legal coordination, and defense of product-liability claims.

Target client
Pharma and MedTech manufacturers and importers managing product-liability exposure; companies coordinating recalls / FSCAs; defendants in product-liability claims.
Billing
Hourly advisory; defense quoted per matter

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Capped defense retainer across related claims; hourly advisory beyond the retainer scope at the rate stated in the fee proposal

Discuss product-liability exposure Full service details

③ Data, AI & Digital

10 · Service

Data-Protection Advisor & Operations

Outsourced data-protection advisor and ongoing privacy operations for Swiss and EU exposure Monthly subscription

Scope

For Swiss controllers: the voluntary data-protection advisor function under Art. 10 DSG, which lets the controller consult its advisor instead of the EDÖB before high-risk processing flagged in an impact assessment. Ongoing operations throughout: DPIAs, cross-border-transfer assessments, records of processing, and breach-notification readiness. The Swiss representative role under Art. 14 DSG and EU AI Act work are separate services; see the Swiss Data-Protection Representative and EU AI Act Compliance tiles.

Target client
Swiss controllers wanting an independent data-protection advisor; companies needing ongoing DPIA, transfer, record-keeping and breach support.
Billing
Monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

An embedded senior-counsel data-protection function, with a flagship tier for data-intensive controllers

Discuss a data-protection mandate Full service details
11 · Service

Swiss Data-Protection Representative (Art. 14 DSG)

The in-Switzerland representative foreign controllers appoint under Art. 14 DSG Annual fee, tiered by scale

Scope

Acting as the representative in Switzerland under Arts. 14–15 DSG for controllers domiciled abroad whose Swiss-facing processing meets the Art. 14 DSG conditions: maintaining the record of processing and serving as the contact point for data subjects and the EDÖB. Advisory on, and coordination of, an EU Art. 27 GDPR representative where the same activity also targets the EU. The firm advises on the EU role; it does not act as the EU representative.

Target client
EU, US and other foreign controllers offering goods or services to, or monitoring, people in Switzerland and required to designate a Swiss representative.
Billing
Annual retainer

Indicative starting price

from CHF 3,000 / year

Tiered to CHF 5,500 / year (251 to 500 staff); a combined Swiss and EU mandate from CHF 7,500 / year

Appoint a Swiss representative Full service details
12 · Service

EU AI Act Compliance

Provider and deployer obligations under the EU AI Act, ahead of the high-risk obligations taking effect Subscription + fixed-fee modules

Scope

Role and risk classification (provider, deployer, importer), high-risk-system obligations (risk management, data governance, technical documentation, human oversight, post-market monitoring), general-purpose-AI duties, and the interplay with MDR/IVDR for AI medical devices. Conformity-assessment documentation and governance support as fixed-fee modules. The firm provides the legal documentation and coordination, not the technical conformity assessment.

Target client
Providers and deployers of AI systems with EU exposure; life-sciences and ICT companies placing AI/ML products on the EU market.
Billing
Monthly retainer + fixed-fee modules

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Gap assessment and conformity support as fixed-fee modules

Map AI Act obligations Full service details
13 · Service

Cyber & Digital Resilience (NIS2 / DORA / CRA)

Readiness under the Network and Information Security Directive 2, the Digital Operational Resilience Act and the Cyber Resilience Act for regulated and digital businesses Fixed-fee modules + subscription

Scope

Applicability and scoping assessments, governance and incident-reporting frameworks, ICT third-party and contractual requirements under DORA, product-cybersecurity obligations under the Cyber Resilience Act, and Swiss ISG touchpoints. Per-regime assessment modules; ongoing advisory as a retainer.

Target client
EU-regulated entities and their ICT providers under NIS2 / DORA; manufacturers of products with digital elements under the CRA; Swiss entities with ISG obligations.
Billing
Fixed-fee modules + monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Per-regime assessments as fixed-fee modules

Scope a resilience assessment Full service details
14 · Service

ICT Commercial Contracting

Outsourced commercial legal counsel for information and communications technology: SaaS, cloud and IoT services Monthly subscription

Scope

Review and negotiation of inbound or outbound commercial contracts (MSAs, DPAs, NDAs, SOWs, SaaS subscriptions); volume-based retainer with fair-use cap. Cyber and digital-resilience compliance (NIS2, DORA, CRA) is a separate service; see the Cyber & Digital Resilience tile.

Target client
Swiss SaaS scale-ups; mid-cap industrial companies digitalizing; ICT third-party service providers to financial institutions caught by DORA.
Billing
Monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A volume-based subscription with a fair-use cap; beyond-scope advisory at the hourly rate stated in the fee proposal

Outsource commercial contracting Full service details
15 · Service

Health-Data & Research-Data Law (HFG + DSG)

Secondary use of health data, biobanks and research databases under HFG and DSG Subscription + fixed-fee modules

Scope

Legal basis for the secondary use of health data, consent and general-consent frameworks, biobank and research-database governance, anonymization and pseudonymization, and data-sharing arrangements (including for AI training) under the HFG, the HFV and the DSG.

Target client
Hospitals, research institutions and biobanks governing secondary use; companies sourcing health data for research or AI; sponsors structuring research-data sharing.
Billing
Monthly retainer + fixed-fee modules

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Fixed-fee modules for defined workstreams

Discuss a health-data mandate Full service details
16 · Service

Digital Health Compliance

Combined MDR, AI Act and data protection for SaMD and AI medical devices Monthly subscription

Scope

Integrated regulatory function covering MDR/IVDR, EU AI Act and data protection across the lifecycle of software-as-a-medical-device, AI/ML diagnostic tools and cross-border telemedicine platforms: packaging the MDR/IVDR, EU AI Act and data-protection services into one mandate for digital-health products. Major filings (CE marking, AI conformity-assessment support) as fixed-fee modules.

Target client
Digital therapeutics makers; AI/ML diagnostic imaging and decision-support providers; cross-border telemedicine platforms in DACH.
Billing
Monthly retainer

Fee

Quoted before engagement

One integrated mandate; major filings as fixed-fee modules

Map the digital-health pathway Full service details

④ Transactions & Disputes

17 · Service

Pharma & MedTech Transactions

Licensing, co-development, manufacturing and distribution agreements for life sciences Phased fixed fee; collar optional

Scope

License agreements (in-licensing or out-licensing), co-development and option deals, manufacturing supply and quality agreements, and distribution arrangements. Deal-anchored fixed fee for drafting and term-sheet work, hourly billing for active negotiation phases.

Target client
Swiss biotechs doing licensing deals with big pharma; Swiss-affiliate pharma and MedTech managing supplier and distribution chains.
Billing
Deal-based fixed fee + hourly negotiation

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A phased fixed fee across diligence, drafting and closing, with an optional collared cap; active negotiation at the hourly rate stated in the fee proposal

Discuss a transaction Full service details
18 · Service

International Arbitration

Counsel, co-counsel or sole arbitrator for commercial and life sciences disputes Phased fixed fees with caps

Scope

Counsel and co-counsel in commercial and investment-treaty arbitrations under Swiss Rules, ICC, DIS and other major rules, with subject-matter depth in life sciences disputes. Available for appointment as sole arbitrator, co-arbitrator or emergency arbitrator.

Target client
Parties to life-sciences-related disputes (distribution, licensing, supply, post-M&A); institutions seeking arbitrators with technical and linguistic range.
Billing
Hourly (counsel) or institutional schedule (arbitrator)

Fee

Quoted before engagement

A fixed-fee early-case assessment, then phased fixed fees with a per-phase cap; hourly counsel work beyond the fixed-fee scope and hearing days at the rates stated in the fee proposal; institutional and tribunal fees are passed through transparently.

Discuss a dispute or appointment Full service details
19 · Service

Pharma Compliance & Investigations

Confidential internal investigations and compliance audits for life sciences companies Fixed scoping + capped phases

Scope

Independent legal review of internal compliance concerns (suspected kickback, off-label promotion, VITH violations); MedTech distribution-practices compliance audits; pre-acquisition compliance due diligence. Phase-based fixed-fee structure with negotiated caps.

Target client
Pharma affiliates responding to internal compliance concerns; MedTech companies under distribution-practices scrutiny; PE / strategic acquirers of CH or DE life sciences targets.
Billing
Phase-based fixed fee

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Subsequent phases on a capped fee

Open a confidential conversation Full service details

⑤ Fractional Counsel

20 · Service

Fractional Counsel

Embedded interim general counsel for companies between hires or scaling into new markets Days-per-month retainer

Scope

A senior attorney embedded part-time as general counsel or specialized senior counsel: strategic legal oversight, contract-lifecycle management, regulatory compliance, board and executive support, and external-counsel coordination. Structured as a monthly retainer of defined days, scaling up during transactions or regulatory sprints. Distinct from tile 01's "Fractional Head of Regulatory Legal" tier, which is the regulatory-only retainer. How the model works.

Target client
Series A to C companies between general counsel, scaling into new markets, or needing Swiss / DACH legal presence without a full-time hire.
Billing
Monthly retainer; defined days per month, roll-forward

Fee

Quoted before engagement

Embedded (about 2 days / month), Integrated (about 1 day / week) and Fractional Lead (about 2 days / week) tiers; a fixed-fee onboarding (Regulatory Health Check and 90-day roadmap) precedes each.

Discuss fractional counsel

Note Prices are published for fixed-fee work and for the Art. 14 DSG representative and CH-REP mandates, as indicative starting prices; every other engagement is quoted before engagement, in a written fee proposal. Final fees depend on scope, complexity, time spent, economic interest, importance of the matter, and urgency, and are agreed as fixed, capped, retainer or phased arrangements scoped to the matter. Engagements can pair a base fee with a capped success component (Swiss law does not permit pure contingency).

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Selected Experience

Across Pharma, MedTech, and Digital Health.

Research Collaboration

Advised pharmaceutical company on research collaboration agreement with academic medical center and led contract negotiations.

CRO Engagement

Negotiated master services agreement with contract research organization for Phase II clinical trial program. Structured terms for data ownership, regulatory submission support, performance milestones, and amendment protocols across multiple European sites.

Hospital Supply

Structured supply and service agreement between pharmaceutical company and university hospital network. Renegotiated equipment loan terms, training obligations, and insurance arrangements.

Patient Information & Informed Consent

Advised medical aesthetics company on Patient Information Sheet and Informed Consent Forms across multiple European jurisdictions. Refined template terms addressing responsibility allocation, DSG and GDPR compliance, and termination provisions.

Software Development and License Agreement

Drafted and negotiated development agreement including licensing terms for start-up providing AI-driven decision support software. Structured data processing terms, integration requirements, service levels, and liability allocation.

IoT Services Framework Agreement

Advised health technology start-up on contract framework for providing third-party software and cloud infrastructure solutions. Developed terms for data processing, security and sub-processor requirements, and cross-border compliance obligations.

Dr. Claus Gawel

Dr. Claus Gawel

Dr. iur. · LLM (Uppsala) · MCIArb

Attorney · Arbitrator · Fractional Counsel
EN · DE · FR · ES · SV · · Full profile

Transparent Fees

Value-based fee models, each matched to how the work is engaged. Every engagement begins with a written agreement on scope, fees, and terms.

Billing Methods

  • Fixed & Capped Fees for defined-scope projects
  • Base fee with a capped success component
  • Hourly Billing beyond agreed scope

Engagement Types

  • Retainer Engagements for ongoing legal support
  • Fractional Counsel for embedded coverage

Get in Touch

A short intake clarifies scope, the fee model, and the fastest path to a decision.